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Saturday, November 30, 2013

Liam or Morie

For the longest time, my celebrity crush has been Liam Neeson.

Whether its his work as an opportunist  turned Jewish rescuer Oskar Schindler in Schindler's List, the kick-ass dad in Taken or the sensitive widower in Love Actually, his acting combined with his looks has put him at the top of my celebrity crush list.

But now, he's been replaced by this guy....
Yes, perhaps not as attractive and maybe not as famous as Neeson to the uninformed but to folks knowledgable about research and treatment of Amyloidosis, this guy is a rock star.  This is Dr. Morie Gertz, Chair of the Department of Internal Medicine at the Mayo Clinic and one of the top physicians and researchers in Amyloidosis.  When I called to make my appointment with Mayo, they didn't tell me who my appointment was with.  When I got the letter with the details of my appointment and saw that it was with Dr. Gertz, I felt like I won the lotto.

So many of the studies I've been reading over the last few months have been authored by him.  He's the editor of the book that is considered the gold standard on diagnosing and treating Amyloidosis and he's one of the top physicians in the world at treating Amyloidosis.  From everything I've heard from people treated by him and who have met him, I will love him.  

If he's unseated Liam, I already do.

Tuesday, November 26, 2013

It's Complicated

I decided to go to the Mayo Clinic for a second opinion on my prognosis and treatment plan.  Mayo is one of the top Amyloidosis centers in the world and with such a rare and poorly understood disease, I thought it was a good idea to have them weigh in on my case.  As someone said on the online Amyloidosis Support Group, "I quickly learned that the doctors that wrote the articles and books do know a lot more about Amyloidosis than the local doctors that read their articles and books."

Granted, my doctor is much more informed than the average local doctor but her primary research focus is Myeloma...related but a separate disease.  She's presenting 6 papers at the American Society of Hematology meeting next month--4 on Myeloma, 2 on complications from stem cell transplants, 0 on Amyloidosis.

Given that I have met my out of pocket maximum for the year and Mayo is considered in-network for my insurance, it was important to get the appointment done before the end of the year.  So, I fly from Columbus to Rochester, Minnesota on Sunday, December 29th for my appointments on Monday, December 30 and Tuesday, December 31.

To prepare for the appointment, I needed to get a copy of my entire medical record from Ohio State, copies of all my radiology studies (3 ultrasounds, two CTs, two MRIs and an echocardiography) and the actual glass slides from my biopsies. I was worried how long that would take so I went on Monday and put in my request.  They pulled together the copy of my medical record--all 350 pages of it--while I waited.

I have access to lots of test results and other information on-line but it doesn't include any of the info from when I was an inpatient.  Reading through the inpatient notes was really interesting.  Some of the info I remembered, some of it brought back memories and some of it I had no recollection of at all.

It was interesting to read through it, especially the doctor's notes.  During one of my appointments in June, Dr. Levin described me as "a thin chronically ill appearing but animated middle aged woman."  Even at my lowest point physically, I still had some life in me.  Can't keep me down!

I found two things in the medical record that caused me some concern.  I always thought, based on my reading and guidance from folks in the support group who've had this disease lots longer than me, I had achieved a Complete hematologic response.  But my doctor's notes only list a Very Good Partial hematologic response.   At first I was a little concerned because of this graph--


But, the article that goes along with the picture says "Patients achieving a CR or VGPR after HDM/SCT, as defined by the new criteria, had indistinguishable OS (overall survival) and EFS (event free survival), with median OS exceeding 9 years."  Ok, so I'll take that.

The other thing I found that was concerning was a diagnosis of Primary Amyloidosis with Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM).  So it's not enough for me to get a rare disease that is only diagnosed 3,000 times per year in North America, I also get an add-on bonus feature of the possibility of developing Multiple Myeloma.  That's what is complicated.

But, one of the people I met through the online support group said that he had the same diagnosis from his local doctors.  He went to Mayo and Dr. Gertz, who is one of the world leaders in Amyloidosis research and treatment, cured him of the SMM in a few minutes.  He said Dr. Gertz looked at all his test results and determined the other doctors were incorrect and the only issue he had was Amyloidosis.  I sure hope that's what happens with me.  I never thought I'd look forward to getting another diagnosis of Amyloidosis but given this complication, I'm hoping for it now.

My flight back from Mayo lands at 11:59 PM on December 31.  Getting the Amyloidosis only diagnosis would be a great way to close out 2013 and move into 2014 with even more hope than before.

One of the songs I've been listening to a lot lately is "Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing" by Sufjan Stevens.   It's a classic hymn with the words written in 1757.   One of my favorite lines is "Here I raise my Ebenezer;  Hither by Thy help I'm come;".  What's so great about raising an Ebenezer?  This information I found online seems to explain my basic understanding of the line--
In 1 Samuel 7, the prophet Samuel and the Israelites found themselves under attack by the Philistines. Fearing for their lives, the Israelites begged Samuel to pray for them in their impending battle against the Philistines. Samuel offered a sacrifice to God and prayed for His protection. God listened to Samuel, causing the Philistines to lose the battle and retreat back to their own territory. After the Israelite victory, the Bible records: “Then Samuel took a stone and set it up between Mizpah and Shen, and called its name Ebenezer, saying, ‘Thus far the Lord has helped us’ ” (1 Samuel 7:12). 
The word Ebenezer comes from the Hebrew words ’Eben hà-ezer (eh’-ben haw-e’-zer), which simply mean “stone of help” (see Enhanced…, 1995). When Robinson wrote his lyrics, he followed the word Ebenezer with the phrase, “Here by Thy great help I’ve come.” An Ebenezer, then, is simply a monumental stone set up to signify the great help that God granted the one raising the stone. In Robinson’s poem, it figuratively meant that the writer—and all who subsequently sing the song—acknowledge God’s bountiful blessings and help in their lives. 
The next time you sing about raising your Ebenezer, you will be able to “sing with the understanding” that you are acknowledging God’s help in your life (1 Corinthians 14:15).
So, regardless of what happens I'll raise my Ebenezer--acknowledging God's bountiful blessings and help in my life.  I guess I need to find a big rock!

Wednesday, November 13, 2013

t(11;14) Translocation

Over the last few days, I've been loading an Excel spreadsheet with lab values from key tests that show whether my Amyloidosis is under control and whether my liver and kidney function are improving.  The key test is the Serum Free Light Chain Assay that measures how much of the bad protein my body is producing.  One item I wanted to include were some of the values from my bone marrow biopsy.  It's nice to have all this information in one place so, as I read studies in the medical journals that reference lab values at different points in time--at diagnosis, after transplant, etc.--I have them in one location.

As I was reading the report from my bone marrow biopsy, I found this entry--
FISH analyses on this sample were positive for loss of the probes for 13q and positive for a t(11;14).  These abnormalities were not seen in the banded metaphase analysis.
I've learned that when a pathologist takes the time to include additional notes with the word "abnormalities" its probably a good idea to understand (as best as I can) the abnormalities.

FISH stands for fluorescent in situ hybridization and, according to Wikipedia, is used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. I couldn't find too much on my missing probes for 13q but what I found for t(11;14) wasn't very encouraging.

t(11;14) translocation means that part of my 11th and 14th chromosomes have swapped parts.  It's considered to be an acquired translocation as opposed to one that has been present since conception.  I did some medical literature searches on the impact of t(11;14) translocation on Amyloidosis and found an article from 2009 entitled "Translocation t(11;14) and survival of patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis".  It was published in Haematologica, the hematology journal of the European Hematology Association.

Some of the highlights, or rather lowlignts from my perspective, include the following statements--

  • The risk of death for patients harboring the t(11;14) translocation was 2.1 (CI 1.04–6.4), which on multivariate analysis was independent of therapy.
  • Although preliminary, our data would suggest that cIg-FISH testing is important in patients with light chain amyloidosis and that t(11;14) is an adverse prognostic factor in these patients.
  • On Cox multivariate modeling the t(11;14) translocation retained its significance despite the addition of treatment administered.
  • On multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio for death for patients with this abnormality was 2.5 times that of the other patients without this abnormality.
  • One can speculate that the indolent nature of the t(11;14) clones – and perhaps their relative resistance to chemotherapeutic intervention –may explain our findings.
So, to translate some of the clinical study language for those of you not familiar with reading this genre of literature---
  • on multivariate analysis was independent of therapy=regardless of the type or effectiveness of treatment, it's bad to have this
  • adverse prognostic factor=it's bad to have this because people with this don't do as well as those without it
  • hazard ratio for death for patients with this abnormality was 2.5 times that of the other patients without this abnormality=people with this die at 2.5 times the rate of those without it so it's bad to have this.
  • relative resistance to chemotherapeutic intervention=chemo is the last line of treatment in Amyloidosis after relapse following two stem cell transplants (two seems to be the max I see people receiving), so if this makes the amyloidosis resistant to chemo then there are no effective treatment options after relapse when stem cell transplant isn't an option so it's bad to have this.
Now, this study was based on only 56 patients who were diagnosed between 1998 and 2006 who had the FISH test panel performed.  They started with over 500 patients but only 56 had the test done so it's not like it was based on a large population.

I have a lot of questions for my oncologist during our appointment in December.  I'm looking forward to hearing her perspective on this.  She always tries to be so encouraging and reassuring that I'm sure she'll tell me not to worry about it.  I think her perspective is that each person's disease progresses in a unique way and understanding whether the progression is from a chromosomal abnormality or something else will have little effect on how she goes about treating the disease.  I love her strong focus on only using information as a rational basis for action.

It's been a rough week at work with a lot of challenges and I've been working through them with this t(11;14) translocation thing in the back of my mind.  It does help me keep work problems in perspective.  When Alan asks me how my day at work went, regardless of what happened, I can say, "My free light chains are still under control so everything else is good."

I know that God can overcome the "adverse prognostic factor" that this chromosomal translocation introduces.  I just need to pray, trust and believe.  It's worked so far.